DOA Estimation of Quasi-Stationary Signals Using a Partly-Calibrated Uniform Linear Array with Fewer Sensors than Sources

A two-step method is proposed to estimate the direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) of quasi-stationary source signals, with a partly-calibrated uniform linear array (PC-ULA). The special structure of Toeplitz matrix is utilized to estimate the sensors' uncertainties. Then, a Khatri-Rao (KR) based multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is proposed to estimate the DOAs of source signals. Simulation results show that the proposed method renders lower root-mean-square-error (RMSE) than existing KR-based ESPRIT algorithms, especially under low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and small angle separation between DOAs. It is also shown that the proposed method increases the degree-of-freedom (DOF) by one, as compared to the counterpart ESPRIT methods.