The utilization of health care services is a highly culturally and contextually dependent activity. Most evaluation is tightly focused on the effects of an activity or a health outcome. Anthropologically informed evaluation explores the culture and the context as well as the outcomes. In this article, the authors will discuss the strengths of anthropologically informed evaluation as well as the challenges to its success. This discussion will be grounded with examples of the application of anthropology in the everyday practice of evaluation at the community level and national policy.