AN EFFECTIVE MODEL FOR CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS PREDICTION: COMPARISON OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS LEARNING ALGORITHMS

被引:2
|
作者
Abdullah, Lazim [1 ]
Pauzi, Herrini Mohd [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Sch Informat & Appl Math, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
关键词
CO2; emissions; forecasting; artificial neural network; learning algorithm;
D O I
10.1142/S146902681450014X
中图分类号
TP18 [人工智能理论];
学科分类号
081104 ; 0812 ; 0835 ; 1405 ;
摘要
This paper intends to compare various learning algorithms available for training the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) type of artificial neural networks (ANNs). By using different learning algorithms, this study investigates the performances of gradient descent (GD) algorithm; Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm; and also Boyden, Fletcher, Goldfarb and Shannon (BFGS) algorithm to predict the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Malaysia. The impact factors of emissions, such as energy use; gross domestic product per capita; population density; combustible renewable and waste; also CO2 intensity were employed in developing all ANN models investigated in this study. A wide variety of standard statistical performance evaluation measures were employed to evaluate the performances of various ANN models developed. The results obtained in this study indicate that the LM algorithm outperformed both BFGS and GD algorithms.
引用
收藏
页数:17
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