CORRECT METHOD FOR CALCULATING ENERGY RESOLUTION AND INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS OF SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETERS

Large scintillation crystals that are used to create multidetector systems with 4 pi geometry are again of interest. These systems are widely used to study nuclear reactions, for example, reactions with heavy ions in modern accelerators. Optimization of the spectrometric characteristics and correct calculation of the instrument functions of the detectors require knowledge of the effects of various factors on line broadening in spectrograms from monoenergetic particles. We consider a scintillation spectrometer whose crystal is 'scanned' by P photomultipliers (PM). The process of signal formation at the output of the scintillation spectrometer consists of the following successive steps: energy transfer by a primary particle to secondary charged particles in the body of the scintillator; energy transfer by secondary charged particles to luminescence centers; de-excitation of photons by excited luminescence centers; collection of photons by the PM photocathodes; conversion of photons to photoelectrons; focusing of photoelectrons into the PM multiplying systems; and multiplication of electrons by the PM dynode systems.