Water distribution networks design under uncertainty

Water distribution networks are important systems that provide citizens with an essential public service which is crucial for the normal development of most basic activities of life. Despite many water distribution network problems have been extensively investigated in the literature, the presence of uncertainty in the data has often been neglected. This paper studies the challenging problem of designing an isolation system for water distribution networks under different failure scenarios. To solve the problem, three heuristic methods are presented and analyzed on a real case study taken from the literature. Numerical results show the merits of the suggested techniques for solving the problem.