Let G=(V,E) and G′=(V′,E′) be two graphs, an adjacency-preserving transformation from G to G′ is a one-to-many and onto mapping from V to V′ satisfying the following: (1) Each vertex v∈V in G is mapped to a non-empty subset \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\mathcal{A}(v)\subset V'$\end{document} in G′. The subgraph induced by \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\mathcal{A}(v)$\end{document} is a connected subgraph of G′; (2) if u≠v∈V, then \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\mathcal{A}(u)\cap\mathcal{A}(v)=\emptyset$\end{document}; and (3) two vertices u and v are adjacent to each other in G if and only if subgraphs induced by \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\mathcal{A}(u)$\end{document} and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$\mathcal{A}(v)$\end{document} are connected in G′.