A runout measuring method using modeling and simulation cutting force in micro end-milling

In the process of micro end-milling, the micro tool axis is not the same line of the spindle axis due to the eccentricity of the tool-holder-spindle assembly, which is called tool runout. Tool runout has significant effects on cutting force variation, which can lead to higher peak forces and uneven tool wear of the cutter. Hence, a runout model must be included in a cutting force modeling to simulate accurate cutting force during micro-milling process. In this paper, the method for modeling and simulation to measure a runout of tool-holder-spindle in micro end-mill was developed. The simulated cutting force with regard to runout was compared with the measured cutting force. It is noted that they had similar variation pattern and closely matched amplitude levels. The result indicated that the effects of tool runout were predominant for the 0.9 mm diameter and at low feed per tooth.