On a Lower Bound for the Laplacian Eigenvalues of a Graph

If μm\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mu _m$$\end{document} and dm\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$d_m$$\end{document} denote, respectively, the m-th largest Laplacian eigenvalue and the m-th largest vertex degree of a graph, then μm⩾dm-m+2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mu _m \geqslant d_m-m+2$$\end{document}. This inequality was conjectured by Guo (Linear Multilinear Algebra 55:93–102, 2007) and proved by Brouwer and Haemers (Linear Algebra Appl 429:2131–2135, 2008). Brouwer and Haemers gave several examples of graphs achieving equality, but a complete characterisation was not given. In this paper we consider the problem of characterising graphs satisfying μm=dm-m+2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mu _m = d_m-m+2$$\end{document}. In particular we give a full classification of graphs with μm=dm-m+2⩽1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mu _m = d_m-m+2 \leqslant 1$$\end{document}.