Heme interactions at the interface between SARS-CoV-2 and host cell

A link between COVID-19 and heme-driven pathophysiology was recognized early due to SARS-CoV-2-induced autoimmune reactions leading to hemolysis. The accumulating heme has been shown to trigger inflammation and thrombosis. Moreover, heme-binding motifs were identified in the viral spike glycoprotein and protein 7a as well as in the host protein ACE2. Biophysical and in silico studies confirmed heme binding to these proteins, emphasizing the potential relevance of hemolysis in COVID-19. © 2023, Die Autorinnen.