Attenuation of oxidative stress by syringic acid on acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxic rats

This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of syringic acid (SA) on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity was induced in male Wistar albino rats by the administration of a single dose of 750 mg/kg APAP intraperitoneally. In this study, we evaluated the levels of renal markers, lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH)), enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status, and histopathological changes of kidney. Our results show significant (P < 0.05) increased levels of serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, and TBARS, LOOH in the kidney tissue. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione levels significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the kidney of APAP nephrotoxic rats. Moreover, histopathological observations also correlated with the biochemical findings to improved morphological changes including tubular epithelial degeneration, vacuolization, cell desquamation, and necrosis. Oral administration of SA (50 mg/kg body weight) to APAP rats for 6 days prevented the above biochemical and renal morphology changes and improved towards normalcy. These findings suggested that the protective effects of SA against APAP-induced kidney injuries might result from the amelioration of APAP-induced oxidative stress.