Paraoxonase (PON1) polymorphisms Q192R and L55M are not associated with human longevity: A meta-analysis; [Keine Assoziation zwischen PON1-Q192R- und -L55M-Polymorphismen und Langlebigkeit beim Menschen: Eine Metaanalyse]

Background: Genetic mutations in the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) encoding gene have been considered to affect mortality and of these the functional promoter region polymorphisms Q192R and L55M are among the most widely studied. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 can increase susceptibility to longevity. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain a comprehensive estimation of the association between Q192R and L55M and longevity in long-lived individuals (LLIs) aged 80 years or more. Material and methods: A search was carried out in the PubMed database (from January 2001 to May 2014) to obtain data on the role of PON1 polymorphisms in longevity and a pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the associations. Results: The meta-analysis was based on 9 studies of PON1 Q192R and 5 studies of PON1 L55M that covered a total of 5086 LLIs and 4494 controls. Overall, significantly increased risks were not observed for either Q192R or L55M. The results of the statistical calculations were as follows: R vs. Q (additive model): OR = 1.080, 95 % CI = 0.989–1.179, p = 0.088 and RR + RQ vs. QQ (dominant model): OR = 1.099, 95 % CI = 0.975–1.240, p = 0.124; M vs. L (additive model): OR = 0.946, 95 % CI = 0.862–1.039, p = 0.245 and MM + ML vs. LL (dominant model): OR = 0.951, 95 % CI = 0.836–1.081, p = 0.442 for Q192R and L55M, respectively. The results did not change with an age cut-off among the LLIs of ≥ 93 years. Conclusion: No evidence that the Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 impacted on the probability of reaching extreme ages was found although this cannot be completely ruled out; however, the possibility of population-specific effects due to the influence of and interaction between different genes or environmental factors could not be ruled out. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.