Determination of isocyanates in air

Procedures for the determination of isocyanates in air are considered, including procedures for air sampling with the subsequent analysis and on-line monitoring procedures. Only chemisorption is used for the sampling and preconcentration of isocyanates because of their high reactivity. The data on the reagents in use, the types of sampling devices, and operation conditions are surveyed. Presently, high-performance liquid chromatography is primarily used for the subsequent instrumental analysis of samples. Photometric techniques were used in early studies; more recently, thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography were introduced. Examples of analysis using other techniques are very few. Methods of on-line monitoring of air (both instrumental techniques and rapidly developed biomonitoring, which is performed simultaneously with the analysis of polluted air) are briefly considered.