Impact of mobile instant messaging applications on signaling load and UE energy consumption

Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) applications transmit not only user-triggered messages (UTMs), but also keep-alive messages (KAMs) via radio access network, which induces heavy burden in control plane channel and wastes user equipment (UE) energy consumption. In this paper, we deduce the joint distribution of KAM period and UTM mean interval from the MIM application traffic characteristics. Correlating the joint distribution with radio resource control (RRC) state machine in LTE networks, we derive two analytical expressions for the control plane signaling load and UE energy consumption respectively. Then, the variation of signaling load and energy usage is demonstrated with different settings of RRC release timer, KAM period and UTM mean interval. The analysis indicates that KAM period is the upper bound of RRC release timer when reducing the signaling load. Besides, five times of UTM mean interval is the upper bound of KAM period when reducing the UE energy consumption and signaling load. These results can guide both network operators and MIM application developers to properly set control parameters for balancing the signaling load and UE energy consumption.