Combined kidney-pancreas transplantation has been established as the best treatment modality for type-1 diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease. Successful transplantation leads to insulin- as well as dialysis independence. Since administration of calcineurin-inhibitors as a gold standard of immunosuppression in kidney-pancreas transplantation as well as the improvement of surgical procedures, kidney-pancreas transplantation witnessed a breakthrough regarding the reduction of mortality and organ losses.