Advances in spina bifida care: from the womb to adulthood

The care of the individual with spina bifida has changed substantially in recent years. Major advances and shifts in the prenatal and neonatal management of patients with myelomeningocele has led to improved survivability and outcomes. Most notable of these is the option for fetal repair of the spina bifida lesion. As more and more children with spina bifida are aging into adulthood, there is a growing recognition of the issues faced by adults with spina bifida, including the difficult transition to adult-based health care. Physiatrists should be aware of recent trends and advancements to help optimize outcomes for individuals across the lifespan. This article will review prenatal and neonatal advances and controversies, and will then shift gears to address issues facing adults with spina bifida. © 2014, Springer Science + Business Media New York.