Mapping routine measles vaccination in low- and middle-income countries

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机构：
[1] University of Washington,Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
[2] London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology
[3] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Social Determinants of Health Research Center
[4] Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center
[5] Cairo University,Department of Neurology
[6] Tehran University of Medical Sciences,The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS)
[7] Tehran University of Medical Sciences,School of Pharmacy
[8] Near East University,Department of Biostatistics
[9] Madda Walabu University,Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics
[10] Debre Markos University,Department of Public Health
[11] Bahir Dar University,School of Public Health
[12] Karolinska University Hospital,Department of Laboratory Medicine
[13] Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies
[14] Federal University of Minas Gerais,Department of Pediatric Dentistry
[15] Philippine Institute for Development Studies,Department of Research
[16] Cleveland Clinic,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
[17] Ain Shams University,Department of Medicine
[18] London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine,Department of Disease Control
[19] Foundation for Scientific Research (FORS),Clinical Research and Operations
[20] Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,College of Medicine
[21] University College Hospital,Population Health Sciences
[22] Ibadan,Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis
[23] King’s College London,Department of Global Health
[24] Stellenbosch University,School of Health
[25] Stellenbosch University,Department of Dermatology
[26] Ardabil University of Medical Science,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center
[27] Mayo Clinic,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
[28] Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics
[29] Qom University of Medical Sciences,Drug Applied Research Center
[30] Southeast University,Department of Food Science and Technology
[31] Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Lincoln Medical School
[32] University of Tabriz,Department of Epidemiology
[33] Universities of Nottingham & Lincoln,Australian Center for Precision Health
[34] ,Health Information Management and Technology Department
[35] Jimma University,Center for Health System Research
[36] ,Department of Medical Laboratory Science
[37] University of South Australia,Erbil Technical Health College
[38] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,School of Pharmacy
[39] Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,Department of Biotechnology
[40] National Institute of Public Health,Social Determinants of Health Research Center
[41] Woldia University,Department of Health Care Management and Economics
[42] Erbil Polytechnic University,Student Research Committee
[43] Tishk International University,Health Management and Economics Research Center
[44] Quaid-i-Azam University,Health Economics Department
[45] Qazvin University of Medical Sciences,Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center
[46] Urmia University of Medical Science,Department of Health Policy and Management
[47] Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences,International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding
[48] Iran University of Medical Sciences,Department of Environmental Health Engineering
[49] Iran University of Medical Sciences,Department of Epidemiology
[50] Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences,Medical Research Center
来源：
Nature | 2021年 / 589卷
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摘要：
The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1–4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5–8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhood MCV1 coverage at 5 × 5-km2 pixel and second administrative levels from 2000 to 2019 in 101 LMICs, quantified geographical inequality and assessed vaccination status by geographical remoteness. After widespread MCV1 gains from 2000 to 2010, coverage regressed in more than half of the districts between 2010 and 2019, leaving many LMICs far from the GVAP goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019. MCV1 coverage was lower in rural than in urban locations, although a larger proportion of unvaccinated children overall lived in urban locations; strategies to provide essential vaccination services should address both geographical contexts. These results provide a tool for decision-makers to strengthen routine MCV1 immunization programmes and provide equitable disease protection for all children.
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页码：415 / 419
页数：4
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