Chemical constituents of Triticum aestivum and their effects on adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

In this report, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of wheat sprouts and their component compounds. Twenty compounds (1–20) were isolated from Triticum aestivum. Among them, glycolipids 1–5 were determined for the first time from T. aestivum and its sprouts. The HPLC analysis demonstrated that compounds 1–3, 5, 8, 12, and 14 were major peak in the HPLC chromatogram of the active fraction. The effects of the compounds on lipid accumulation were assessed at concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 100 μM. At concentration of 10.0 μM, compounds 1–7, 10−15, and 17–19 significantly decreased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Glycolipids 1, 2, and phenolic 17 significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the differentiated adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Quantitative analysis based on measurement of the optical density of Oil Red O indicated that, at 100 μM, compounds 1, 2, and 17 reduced lipid accumulation by 41, 37, and 48 %, respectively, compared with the positive control.