Excitation of3G0-states of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium atoms by electron impact

Detailed information about excitation cross-selections of spectral lines of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium atoms obtained using extended crossed beams are used for calculation of the excitation cross-sections of the3G0-levels of these atoms. Results are compared with cross-sections calculated in Born’s approximation. For titanium: it is found that theoretical predictions agree well with experimental data. Differences found for zirconium are explained by the single-configuration approximation used in the calculation.