Integrated management of hazardous waste from vehicles in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia

Solid waste is one of the serious issues that we encounter daily. Its role in the pollution of the environment impacts the general view. The current research recommends saving and protecting Makkah’s environment from hazardous waste produced from car care services, through adequate attention to the recycling of waste as an economic resource, in the field of waste and waste recycling and raising environmental and health awareness. The purpose of this study was to focus on the current state of generated hazardous waste (used oil, wheels, and used car batteries) from vehicles in Makkah. In the field study, Makkah City was divided into five zones to facilitate the fieldwork. The city’s five main sectors are divided into 46 subdistricts, and data is collected from fuel stations, battery shops, and car maintenance centers. The current study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to characterize waste, highlighting recycling as an economic resource. It also opens the door for attracting interested investors and promoting investment in the waste recycling sector. Thus, waste can be assessed while causing the least amount of harm to the environment thanks to efficient waste management. The goal is achieved through a set of objectives that include (1) identifying the locations of service centers of vehicles in Makkah, (2) estimating the amount of waste according to the regions of Makkah, (3) identifying how the different waste is classified in Makkah, and (4) estimating the total rate of generated waste of vehicles in Makkah.