Multiscale model of dynamic recrystallization in hot rolling

The paper is focused on development of multi-scale CAFE approach, which combines cellular automata (CA) and finite element (FE) methods. The CA model of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was implemented into the thermal-mechanical FE code, which simulates rolling process using steady state Eulerian approach. Several CA spaces were created at the cross section of the sample and their state was calculated using changes of the external variables along the flow lines. Current local values of temperature, strain, strain rate and stress are calculated by the macro-scale FE model and then passed to micro-scale CA simulations. Improvements in analysing of average grain size in CA simulation were introduced. The CAFÉ calculations were performed for hot rolling of the carbon-manganese steel. The resulting grain sizes after the process were compared with the experimental data, achieving satisfactory consistency.