Psychiatric disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors—a nationwide retrospective cohort study

To compare the potential role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) in the development of psychiatric disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Using a large population-based database, SGLT2I users and non-SGLT2I users were 1:1 matched according to the covariates of sex, age, comorbidities, adapted diabetes complications severity index (DCSI), medications, and index year using propensity score matching and a logistic regression model. We calculated the incidence of major psychiatric disorders and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for SGLT2I users and the non- SGLT2I users using a Cox proportional hazards model. SGLT2I were associated with a lower risk for psychiatric disorders than those not treated with SGLT2I (HR 0.80 and 95% CI 0.72–0.88). Among patients with DM, SGLT2I were associated with a lower risk of psychiatric disease.