The Importance of Understanding Local Community Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Nature Conservation

Protected Areas (PAs) are an important cornerstone of conservation efforts, which aim to stop habitat and species loss. However, conservation policies must also take into consideration the local community as an integral part of these areas. This study reveals the importance of understanding the local community’s perception of the impact of PAs on their livelihood and development. Here we analyzed the perceptions of 612 respondents living in 15 settlements surrounding two PAs in Serbia: Gornje Podunavlje and Koviljsko-Petrovaradin rit, which include important wetlands along the course of the Danube River. These areas are under protection because they contain undisturbed natural floodplains. Results from this study suggest that local residents have a very positive attitude about the benefits provided by PAs through the protection of resources. They have a very strong sense of belonging to the PA and are willing to contribute to its protection, but they feel excluded. A different approach of management that respects the rights and acknowledges the existence of local residents is required to prevent conflicts and foster mutual respect and benefit-sharing for everyone.