Independent no-reflow predictors in female patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Independent no-reflow predictors should be evaluated in female patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) and successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in the current interventional equipment and techniques, thus to be constructed a no-reflow predicting model. In this study, 320 female patients with STEMI were successfully treated with PPCI within 12 h after the onset of AMI from 2007 to 2010. All clinical, angiographic, and procedural data were collected. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent no-reflow predictors. The no-reflow was found in 81 (25.3%) of 320 female patients. Univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis identified that low SBP on admission <100 mmHg (OR 1.991, 95% CI 1.018–3.896; p = 0.004), target lesion length >20 mm (OR 1.948, 95% CI 1.908–1.990; p = 0.016), collateral circulation 0–1 (OR 1.952, 95% CI 1.914–1.992; p = 0.019), pre-PCI thrombus score ≥4 (OR 4.184, 95% CI 1.482–11.813; p = 0.007), and IABP use before PCI (OR 1.949, 95% CI 1.168–3.253; p = 0.011) were independent no-reflow predictors. The no-reflow incidence significantly increased as the numbers of independent predictors increased [0% (0/2), 10.8% (9/84), 14.5% (17/117), 37.7% (29/77), 56.7% (17/30), and 81.8% (9/11) in female patients with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 independent predictors, respectively; p < 0.0001]. The five no-reflow predicting variables were admission SBP <100 mmHg, target lesion length >20 mm, collateral circulation 0–1, pre-PCI thrombus score ≥4, and IABP use before PCI in female patients with STEMI treated with PPCI.