Phase transitions in gallium nanodroplets detected by dielectric spectroscopy

被引:0
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作者
G. B. Parravicini
A. Stella
M. C. Ungureanu
P. G. Merli
A. Migliori
P. Cheyssac
R. Kofman
机构
[1] Università di Pavia,INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica “A. Volta”
[2] Saint-Gobin Recherche,LPMC
[3] LAMEL,undefined
[4] Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis,undefined
[5] Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa,undefined
关键词
65.80.+n Thermal properties of small particles, nanocrystals, nanotubes; 64.70.Nd Structural transitions in nanoscale materials; 77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization; 67.57.Np Behavior near interfaces;
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摘要
Both theoretical and experimental works give evidence that gallium exhibits solid phases labelled β, γ, δ, ε besides the stable α phase strongly dependent both on the size and the confinement conditions. An experimental technique was used based on capacitance and conductance measurements vs. temperature in the audiofrequency range. This technique is particularly sensitive to the conditions of the investigated particle surface that plays a fundamental role in the melting and more generally in the phase transition processes. In particular the strict relation between the derivative of the capacitance with respect to the temperature, dC/dT, and the entropy of the system is considered. In gallium nanoparticles 20 nm in radius, only the δ phase is shown to occur. Further the transition to liquid phase was detected. The melting process was found to start about 65 K below the full melting temperature value. In the case of particles 10 nm in radius, where different metastable phases may occur, the capacitance vs. temperature curve was found to display abrupt changes of the slope. The singularities are associated to a well defined transition temperature.
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页码:219 / 222
页数:3
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