A refined model of a typhoon near-surface wind field based on CFD

The simulation of near-surface typhoon wind fields is crucial for high-precision typhoon hazard assessments and thus of great significance for disaster forecasting, loss risk assessment and emergency management. The terrain correction method for simulating regional large-scale wind fields has a single correction method that cannot satisfy the requirements of refined risk assessment. This paper aims to use the advantage with regard to accuracy of the fluid dynamics mechanism model (CFD, computational fluid dynamics) in small-scale wind speed simulations and obtain a terrain correction method suitable for simulating regional large-scale wind fields by extracting the spatial variation of the wind speed over complex terrain. Specifically, typical mountains with different cross-sectional shapes and slopes are used to characterize the undulating terrain, and the CFD model is used to simulate and analyze the wind speed changes on the upwind and leeward slopes, at the mountain top, and in the downwind area under different initial wind speeds. The wind speed at these locations has a good quantitative relationship with the initial wind speed. Combined with the typical building wind load codes in China, the wind speed correction algorithm suitable for large-scale complex terrain is supplemented and improved. This paper presents the simulation results of three typhoons, and taking Typhoon No. 0713 as an example, a near-surface typhoon wind field simulation is performed. Compared with that of other models, the accuracy of the terrain-corrected simulation results by the method provided in this article is increased by 8.8–16.89%. Such CFD-based typhoon disaster near-surface wind fields can more accurately reflect the spatial distribution and intensity of typhoon wind hazards over large-scale complex terrain and can provide technical support for the loss risk prediction and assessment of forest resources, mountain forestry economies, crops and other vulnerable bodies during typhoon disasters.