Electrochemical removal of nitrate ions in waste solutions after regeneration of ion exchange columns

Electrochemical reduction of nitrate ions in synthetic regenerating solutions after ion exchange column regeneration was studied. The influence of current density on the current efficiency was determined in the range 2.8–7.6 mA cm−2 in a diaphragmless flow-through electrolyser in a batch recirculation mode. A Cu cathode and a Ti/Pt anode was used, the temperature being maintained at 25 ∘C. Highest integral current efficiency occurred at 2.8 mA cm−2. The presence of about 6 mg dm−3 Cu ions in treated solution was found to prevent a decrease in cathode activity and, consequently, in electrolysis efficiency. The catalytic influence of Cu ions was verified by potentiodynamic polarisation experiments on a copper rotating disc electrode and by chronopotentiometry performed during the course of electrolysis.