C++ and Java code for recursion formulas in mathematical geodesy

The central part of this paper is the publication of C++ and Java code for the solution of a number of basic tasks related to the geodesic/meridian arc in mathematical geodesy. We provide an introduction to a recursive formulation of the series expansions of the underlying integrals. Recursive formulation has the advantage that simple relationships are identical for all orders and thus can easily be programmed. The code examples shown below, together with the algorithm sections, can be easily transferred to other programming languages. For testing and teaching purposes the development of forms for online computation, using the Perl Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) scripting language, is ongoing.