Incidence and excess mortality of hip fractures in a predominantly Caucasian population in the South of Brazil

Introduction Osteoporosis is a very common disease, and data on its epidemiology is important for health care strategy implementation. Brazil is a developing country; its population is aging, leading to an expected increase in hip fractures and their undesirable consequences. Objective Assess the incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures and subsequent mortality in Southern Brazil as part of a large epidemiological study aiming to reinforce the data for FRAX Brazil. Study design This study evaluated all admissions for fragility hip fractures between April 1, 2010, and March 31, 2012, in the city of Joinville, including both genders of patients 50 years old or older, which corresponded to 19.2% of the local population. Joinville was chosen because it is the third largest city in the south of Brazil, with a representative population predominantly composed of descendants of European immigrants. Results There were 213 cases of hip fractures, predominantly in Caucasians (n = 204, 96.7%) whose mean age was 77.7, +/- 10.5, of which 143 (67.1%) were women (79.5 +/- 9.6 years) and 70 (32.9%) were men (74 +/- 11.3 years). The annual incidence of hip fractures was 268.8 for women and 153.0 for men/100,000 inhabitants. In the 60 to 64-year group, the overall incidence was 92.1/100,000, with an age-related increase of 1410.1/100,000 in the 80 to 84-year group. The mortality rate during hospitalization was 7.5%, and 25% died during the 12 months following their fractures. Conclusion The incidence of hip fractures among the oldest in this predominantly Caucasian population living in Southern Brazil was similar to that of European populations from the northern hemisphere. The annual incidence of fragility hip fractures among people in their 80s was 59 times higher than that among people in their 50s. The mortality rate was 4.3 times higher in the first year after hip fracture than in the age-related local population.