A new solution-based matrix material for temperature sensors

This study presents a new environmentally friendly matrix material for temperature sensor applications. Sodium silicate solution and graphite were used as matrix and conductive materials, respectively. The chemical, morphological, and electrical properties of the raw materials and composites were investigated using X-ray diffractometer, Scanning Electron Microscope, Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect device, and digital multimeters. The effect of graphite content on the performance of sensors was investigated. All samples showed negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behaviour. The performance of sensors was investigated between 25 °C and 100 °C. The prepared sensors exhibited a linearity of 0.96, and a sensitivity of − 0.0479%/C−1. The sensors showed response and recovery time of 30 and 48 s, respectively. In addition, the sensors showed long-term stability, and repeatability with a very low percolation threshold (7.5 wt%). Finally, to demonstrate the functionality of sensors in practical applications, the paint-like composite solution was applied to a beaker surface and paper tape to monitor the performance of the sensor in real-time.