Telmisartan versus angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Telmisartan and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are both effective and widely used antihypertensive drugs targeting renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The study aimed to estimate the efficacy and tolerability of telmisartan in comparison with different ACEIs as monotherapy in the treatment of hypertension. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant studies. A meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials fulfilling the predefined criteria was performed. A random-effect model was used to account for heterogeneity among trials. Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials involving 5157 patients were ultimately identified out of 721 studies. Telmisartan had a greater diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduction than enalapril (weighted mean difference (WMD) 1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.66–2.99), ramipril (WMD 3.09, 95% CI 1.94–4.25) and perindopril (WMD 1.48, 95% CI 0.33–2.62). Telmisartan also showed a greater DBP response rate than enalapril (relative risk (RR) 1.15, 95% CI 1.05–1.26), ramipril (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11–1.61) and perindopril (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.41). There was no statistical difference in DBP reduction or therapeutic response rate between telmisartan and lisinopril (WMD −0.30, 95% CI −0.65 to 0.05; RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.80–1.23, respectively). Telmisartan had fewer drug-related adverse events than enalapril (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.44–0.74), ramipril (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26–0.75), lisinopril (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56–0.89) and perindopril (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.28–0.98). The meta-analysis indicates that telmisartan provides a superior BP control to ACEIs (enalapril, ramipril and perindopril) and has fewer drug-related adverse events and better tolerability in hypertensive patients.