Thermodynamic properties of the binary mixture of water and n-butanol

The molar heat capacities of the binary mixture composed of water and n-butanol were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range 78–320 K. The functions of the heat capacity with respect to thermodynamic temperature were established. A glass transition, solid–solid phase transition and solid–liquid phase transition were observed. The corresponding enthalpy and entropy of the solid–liquid phase transition were calculated, respectively. The thermodynamic functions relative to a temperature of 298.15 K were derived based on the relationships of the thermodynamic functions and the function of the measured heat capacity with respect to temperature.