Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Palladium in Aqueous Samples after Preconcentration Using Nanoparticles of γ-Alumina Functionalized with Pyridine Groups

A new solid phase, nanoparticles of alumina functionalized with pyridine groups, was synthesized and used for extraction and preconcentartion of palladium(II) ions from some water samples. The effects of various parameters such as pH, flow rates of sample and eluent, type and volume and concentration of eluent, sample volume, amount of adsorbent and cationic interferences have been studied and optimum conditions for best recovery have been obtained. The limit of detection of the method based on three times the standard deviation of the blank (3Sb) was obtained: 0.6 ng mL−1. The preconcentration factor and the adsorption capacity were also calculated to be 60 and 37 mg g−1, respectively. The recovery of extraction of palladium ions on nano-alumina particles was determined to be 98.5%. The utility of the modified nano-alumina was tested in some samples and showed an RSD value of <0.8%, reflecting its accuracy and reproducibility.