A Wideband Uniplanar Ground-Centered Dual-Polarized Quad MIMO for Sub-6 GHz 5G Bands

In this research, a uniplanar ground-centered MIMO with four ports is suggested for sub-6 GHz 5G NR bands with dual polarization. Four T-shaped antennas and a shared rectangular ground are the components of a uniplanar common ground MIMO system, and no decoupling components are employed for isolation. Because of their straightforward construction and ease of integration into handsets, uniplanar configurations are being used. The MIMO antennas cover the bandwidth of 3.37 GHz with a mid-frequency of 4.5 GHz covering the entire sub-6 GHz mid-band frequencies ranges from 3 to 6.37 GHz including the NR bands of n46/n47/n48/n77/n78/n79. The proposed uniplanar MIMO functions with dual polarization modes where 23.44% of the functioning bandwidth operates in circular polarization (CP) mode and the remaining 76.56% work in linear polarization mode. An isolation value of − 12.5 dB to − 34 dB has been achieved. With the value of diversity gain = 10 dB, error control code < 0.03, total active reflection coefficient < − 8 dB, and MEG < − 3 dB, the ground-centered MIMO adequately performs diversity. To confirm that the suggested MIMO is a suitable 5G handset system, the complete configuration is assessed for the users’ left-hand and dual-hand specific absorption rate influences. The maximum gain attained by the suggested system is 4.35 dBi without the SAR effect and 7.7 dBi with the user dual-hand SAR effect. The suggested MIMO system offers 5G smartphones an effective single-layer rear cover implementation with large bandwidth and reduced SAR.