Nanomedicines enable specific drug delivery and imaging in patients with cancer or infections, as well as in patients receiving anti-inflammatory therapyA large variety of drugs can be associated to nanocarriers to enable targeted drug delivery, which enhances therapeutic efficiency and reduces the incidence and severity of adverse effectsAs a platform technology, nanoscale systems are applicable to intracellular delivery and might enable new therapeutic strategies to be developed in hepatology and gastroenterologyThe limited knowledge about the toxicological behaviour of new nanomaterials means that a considerable amount of additional research on this platform technology is needed