No-Glycerol rapid heterogeneous biodiesel production on K2CO3/Al2O3 catalyst by coupling process

Biodiesel containing almost no glycerol has been produced by coupling reaction carried out over K2CO3 supported by calcium oxide as solid base catalysts. The solid base catalysts synthesized by wet impregnation exhibit an exceedingly high activity in biodiesel production. It was found that the reaction time required for the highest yield of biodiesel, 99.2%, can be shortened to 30 min over K2CO3/Al2O3 under the optimum reaction conditions: 8: 1: 1 molar ratio of methanol/DMC/oil, 30 wt % K2CO3/Al2O3 catalyst, and 65°C reaction temperature. Solid basic catalysts examined in the study were characterized by BET surface area, XRD, CO2-TPD, and SEM techniques. The strong interaction between K2CO3 and the support yields a new basic active site, which can be probably responsible for the high activity of K2CO3/Al2O3.