Cleaning technology for marine debris: A review of current status and evaluation

This study systematically reviews concepts, tools, and systems to assess the effective and efficient idea of cleaning technology for marine debris. The review done in the past and current state of technology related to marine debris, including management issues, all falls under this category. Then, an evaluation method is proposed to assess concepts, tools, and strategies in collecting marine debris. Data were obtained from peer-review articles through bibliometric analysis. The most number occurred in the year range of 2016–2021. The highest number found were patents, scientific reports, existing, and concepts, respectively. Then, data were clustered based on tools aims, tools type, floating platform type, and location. The first layer of assessment is the availability of basic marine debris cleaning technology capabilities. The second layer evaluates marine debris cleaning technology in carrying out its function to clean the sea. The first layer results showed that less than 20% provide facilities for marine debris processing, estimate the density of the marine debris, and determine marine debris location. At the same time, more than 82.5% provide facilities to load debris onto ships and collect it. The effective parameters in the second layer showed that less than 30% scored high in terms of cleanliness and 50% in speed of collecting marine debris, but more than 80% have high scores in user friendly. Next, efficient parameters result showed that 30% devices have high score in terms of cheap manufacturing cost and 17.5% in terms of cheap operation cost.