Utility of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in Imaging of GliomaA Pilot Study

Background Imaging of gliomas remains challenging. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT for imaging gliomas. Methods Fifteen patients with glioma from 2 centers were included in the study. Ten patients were treated cases of glioblastoma with suspected recurrence. Two patients were sent for assessing the nature (primary lesion/metastasis) of space-occupying lesion in the brain; 3 patients were imaged immediately after surgery and before radiotherapy. Target-to-background ratios (TBR) for the brain lesions were calculated using contralateral cerebellar uptake as background. Results Among the 10 cases with suspected recurrence, scan was positive in 9, subsequent surgery was done, and histopathology proved it to be true recurrence. In the scan-negative case on follow-up, no evidence of disease could be made clinically or radiologically. Among the other cases the presence or absence of disease could be unequivocally identified on the Ga-68-PSMA-11 brain scan and correlated with the histopathology or other imaging. Apart from the visual assessment quantitative assessment of the lesions with TBR also showed a significantly high TBR value for those with true disease compared with those with no disease. Conclusions In the evaluation of gliomas, Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT brain imaging is a potentially useful imaging tool. The use of Ga-68-PSMA-11 brain PET/CT in evaluation of recurrent glioma seems promising. Absence of physiological uptake of Ga-68-PSMA-11 in the normal brain parenchyma results in high TBR values and consequently better visualization of glioma lesions.