A Generic MDA-IoT Architecture for Connected Vehicles in Smart Cities

Technology nowadays revolves around the Internet of Things (IoT) that contributes to the essential necessities of society and the growth of cities. Assorted technologies, communication protocols, and heterogeneous devices cause the complexity of IoT-developed applications and systems. Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach reduces IoT complexity; it enables the modeling of things or objects such as devices, parts of the infrastructure, public services, Connected Vehicles (CV), etc., through different perspectives and refinements of various abstraction levels. Different IoT architectures focus on aspects such as security, scalability, and interoperability throughout the development of IoT applications. Reportedly, limited or no work is found in the literature that presents integrating MDA within IoT and taking into consideration MDA-IoT aspects upon creating an architecture that supports IoT systems based on Quality of Experience (QoE). This investigation proposes a Model Driven Development (MDD) framework for IoT systems and develops a supporting IoT reference architecture to target realtime smart-city applications with a focus on CVs. The suggested framework includes mapping an IoT Architecture with its three basic layers to an MDA architecture that facilitates designing IoT applications. The outcomes of the proposed investigation include facilitating the development of real-time IoT systems and applications that promotes improving QoE.