Direct-detection Doppler lidar for two-dimensional wind field measurements of the troposphere

We have developed a direct-detection scanning Doppler lidar system for wind field measurements in the troposphere. The lidar employs an injection seeded tripled Nd:YAG laser at eye-safe ultraviolet 355nm wavelength, a 25cm aperture telescope and a laser beam scanner. Two high-spectral resolution etalons are used to detect Doppler shift of the aerosol Mie backscattering and the molecular Rayleigh backscattering. Wind measurement accuracy of 0.33m/s was obtained at 3km range with 40mJ laser energy and 5s integration time.