Fabrication strategies to integrate 3D microfluidic networks with biosensors to manufacture Lab on a Chip devices

Few of the fabrication strategies to integrate 3D microfluidic networks with biosensors to manufacture 'Lab on a Chip' (LOC) devices are presented. The devices consist of a hand held base unit and a disposable (LOC), which are made at a wafer level, containing all the disposable components, whereas the base unit has all the standard electronics and optics. The potential of this microtechnology is demonstrated by integrating two biochemical assays, such as sample preparation and real time polymerase chain reaction for pathogen detection and capillary electrophoresis for protein separation within of a single LOC. a fixed and complex bulky reader. It needs a microfabrication technology that circumvents the challenges, such as high throughput fabrication process, few structural materials involved, authentic raw sample preparation, simple luidic control, high sensitivity, small amount of measured sample, and manipulation of biomolecules to fabricate a commercially viable Lab on a Chip.