Identification of the Main Sources of Noise in the NICU of Hospital in Iran and Offering Noise Control Methods

Background: High ambient sounds affect the hearing system of premature infants and cause direct adverse effects in the development of the central nervous system. Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the main sources of noise generator, which results in the generation of sounds that are more than the prescribed limit. Method: This study is descriptive-analytic. The NICU's research site in the hospital. Measurement and evaluation of sound were performed by an expert on professional health using a calibrated Sound Meter set of KIMO SDA type. The sound map of various situations was mapped using the Surfer software and compared with the standard exposure limit. Result: The mean SPL in NICU was 61 dB. The analysis of the data showed that during 24 hours, the morning shift has the highest and the night shift has the lowest noise. The main noise generator factors in the NICU section are ventilated pulse oximeter set and active personnel. Conclusions: The proposed noise control methods include: Creating a Single-Patient Room, covering NICU's wall, floor, and ceiling, or baby's holding area with sound-absorbing panels to reduce the background noise of the unit, eliminating unnecessary alarms.