Analysis of hybrid surface wave propagation supported by chiral metamaterial-graphene-metamaterial structures

A theoretical analysis on the propagation of hybrid surface waves supported by the chiral metamaterial-graphene-metamaterial planar structures has been carried out. The constitutive relations are used to simulate the different types of metamaterials while the electromagnetic response of the graphene is modeled in the framework of Kubo's formulation. The characteristics of surface waves for different configurations of chiral metamaterial-graphene-metamaterial planar structure (Chiral DNG-graphene-DNG and chiral DPS-graphene-DPS) are studied. The dispersion relation for each configuration is computed by implementing the impedance boundary conditions at the interface. The influence of chemical potential (mu) of graphene and chirality (xi) of chiral material on the dispersion curves, fields distributions, effective mode index (N-eff), and phase speed (v(p)) are presented for the both configurations. It is concluded that presence of graphene layer between the metamaterial structures may provide an additional degree of freedom to manipulate and tune the characteristics of surface waves. The results also found in accordance with the published literature. Moreover, these results may have potential applications in wave-guiding technology, controlling, slow-speed wave guides, and plasmonic technology.