The electrical conductivity response of a profiling time-domain reflectometry probe

Direct measurements of changes in the electrical conductivity (EC) are made using the profiling time domain reflectometry (TDR) probe described in a previous work. This is the first demonstration of the ability of a TDR probe to measure EC through coatings or access tubes. Based on the ability of this probe to profile the water content, this suggests that A single instrument may be able to profile changes in water content and electrolytic solute concentration during transient flown through the unsaturated zone.