HCV status knowledge and risk behaviours amongst intravenous drug users

The aim of this study was to identify relationships between injecting and sexual risk behaviours and hepatitis C virus (HCV) status knowledge in intravenous drug users (IDUs). It was a cross-sectional survey (March 1994-June 1995) in 10 drug abuse treatment or psychosocial centres in Paris, France. We used a structured questionnaire about sexual, injecting, HIV and HCV antibody testing practices and results during the previous 6months. Six hundred and twelve sexually active IDUs aged 18 or older who were current injecting drug users were interviewed. Of 592 respondent IDUs, 37% did not report consistent HCV testing and 34% reported being HCV-positive. HCV-positive IDUs were older than HCV-negatives and HCV-unknowns. HCV-unknowns and HCV-positives had a lower educational level than HCV-negatives. After adjusting for demographic characteristics and HIV status, the factors associated with being HCV-unknown were not using condoms (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.9-4.6) as well as clean equipment (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-3.0). Not using new equipment was negatively associated with being HCV-unknown (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2-0.6) and with being HCV-positive (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.8). Our study suggests that particular sexual and injecting risk-behaviours are associated with not knowing HCV status. As HCV-unknown IDUs are likely to be at the risk of transmitting HCV or acquiring other infections. HCV testing should be encouraged and associated with sexual counselling. Special attention should be paid to disinfecting practices for HCV-positives and use of new injecting equipment should be recommended for HCV-negatives.