Reprogramming the oncogenic response: SET protein as a potential therapeutic target in cancer

Introduction: SET is a multitask oncoprotein that promotes the initiation and progression of cancer. Overexpression of SET has been characterized as being tumor-specific and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in many different human malignant diseases. Notably, SET has been shown to promote the development of therapeutic resistance in cancer cells.Area covered: In this review, we summarized the currently available evidence relating to the oncogenic roles, biological functions and clinical relevance of SET protein in cancer. The anti-cancer effects of three different SET antagonists undergoing preclinical investigation are also discussed.Expert opinion: Emerging evidence supports the critical role of SET in regulating various different cancer hallmarks. Targeting the SET-associated protein interfaces may be a potential anti-cancer strategy for future development. However, more studies are required to clarify the best strategy to combine SET antagonists with other anti-cancer treatments and to explore possible biomarkers that predict responsiveness.