Development of a tactile Wisconsin card sorting test

Objective: To evaluate the construct validity of a tactile adaptation of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (TWCST) for use with individuals with visual impairment. Study Design: Static-group comparison (1-factor design with 3 levels). Setting: A VA Healthcare System residential rehabilitation center for persons with visual impairment. Participants: Fourteen persons who were both neurologically and visually impaired (NVI), 14,persons who were visually impaired but neurologically healthy (VI), and 15 healthy controls (HQ. Measures: TWCST and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (3rd ed.) Verbal scale (Psychological Corporation, 1997). Results: The TWCST accurately discriminated the NVI group from both the VI and HC samples. Conclusions: Findings provide preliminary support for the construct validity of the TWCST for use with persons with visual impairment.