Operational modelling of water distribution systems: Truths and myths

Water industry professionals around the world have increasingly shifted their network modelling focus from traditional design and planning applications to operational applications. This paper explores some of these operational applications and provides feedback on practical uses and limitations of the concept. Where applicable, representative examples are described. This document should not be viewed as a comprehensive review of all of the issues; rather, it should stimulate further technological and practical application growth in this direction to increase confidence in the decision-making process and reliability of the network.