Hormone Excretion and Peroxisomes of Human Immortalized Extravillous Trophoblast Cells (TCL-2) Derived from First-Trimester Placenta

We studied the hormone excretion of human immortalized extravillous trophoblast cells (TCL-2, first-trimester cells) and determined whether peroxisomes are present in TCL-2. The results of TCL-2 were compared with those of TCL-1 (third-trimester cells). Morphologically, TCL-2 cells were fibroblast-like, and the growth rate of TCL-2 was slower than that of TCL-1 during 3 days culture. Progesterone was detected in the medium of TCL-2 and its concentration was approximately one-tenth of that in TCL-1. The activity of the peroxisomal marker enzyme catalase was detected in the TCL-2 homogenate, and it was about one-third the level of that in TCL-1. Fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity was detected in TCL-2, and it was about. one-seventh the level of that in TCL-1. On the other hand human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was detected in the medium of TCL-2, and its concentration after 3 days of culture was about 2-fold that in TCL-1 using the diaminobenzidine (DAB) method, peroxisomes were found in TCL-2, but only a very small amount of catalase was detected. These results indicate that human immortalized extravillous trophoblast cells (TCL-2) synthesize, secrete hCG and progesterone, and may contain peroxisomes. Because extravillous trophoblast cells are difficult to obtain from the first-trimester placenta, TCL-2 cells are useful for the study of the physiologic functions (including peroxisomal function) of first-trimester cells.