Bio-based additives as renewable alternatives for polyvinylchloride formulations and application in paper coatings

series of bio-based additives derived from citric acid as a renewable chemical source were synthesised. The chemical composition and purity of 1-4 were confirmed by the combination of NMR, FTIR and MS. The thermal behaviour, stability and degradation pattern of the compounds 1-4 were investigated by TGA and DSC methods. PVC based formulations with compounds 1-4 were prepared through a simple mixing method. The formulations were treated at different temperatures (130-210 degrees C) to investigate the potential of these materials in industrial curing settings. L* a* b* data were used to monitor and to assess a colour change in the coated paper samples; this showed a correlation with degradation data of the pure compounds 1-4. SEM analysis of the final paper samples indicated that the compounds 1-4 show gas formation within the cellular structure; however compounds 3 and 4 result in a glossy smooth surface. This study showed that the compounds 3 and 4 exhibit promising properties in PVC formulations for application in industrial settings.