Computed tomographic angiography in diagnosis and management of placental polyp with neovascularization

To evaluate the neovascularization in placental polyp tissue by computed tomographic angiography and to determine the need for uterine artery embolization before hysteroscopic resection. Seventeen consecutive women with suspected placental polyp were enrolled in this retrospective study. Neovascularization in placental polyp tissue was assessed by computed tomographic angiography. Cases with neovascularization were treated by hysteroscopic resection with preoperative uterine artery embolization, while cases without neovascularization were treated by hysteroscopic resection alone. Of 17 patients with suspected placental polyp after abortion or parturition, nine patients were diagnosed to have placental polyp with prominent neovascularization by computed tomographic angiography, and were treated by uterine artery embolization followed by hysteroscopic resection. Two patients subsequently conceived after conservative management. After precise evaluation of neovascularization by computed tomographic angiography, hysteroscopic resection with preoperative uterine artery embolization is an effective minimally invasive procedure to conservatively treat placental polyp with prominent neovascularization.